Du wirst mit allen Eizellen geboren, die Du je haben wirst. Der AMH-Wert schätzt, wie viele noch da sind. Dieser Artikel erklärt, was er aussagt, was nicht, und warum die Pille das Ergebnis verfälscht.
1. You are born with all the eggs you will ever have
It's a hard fact: you won't produce any new eggs your entire life. You had the most eggs when you were still in your mother's womb: At 20 weeks of pregnancy, a female fetus has about seven million eggs. At birth, that number drops to only about two million, and by the time you reach puberty and get your first period, there are only 300,000 to 500,000 eggs left. When you reach menopause, there are only 1,000 to 2,000 eggs left. These eggs are exposed to all the environmental influences you are exposed to throughout your life, which leads to a loss of quality over time.
2. The woman’s biological clock
However, the continuous decline in egg reserve is no cause for concern, as it is a natural and continuous process that occurs independently of contraception, pregnancy, supplements, and even your health and lifestyle. You are most fertile between your mid-20s and mid-30s, after which your fertility declines until menopause. After menopause, natural pregnancy is no longer possible.
3. About 500 eggs hatch during a woman’s lifetime
During most menstrual cycles, an egg develops and matures to the point where it is released from an ovary for fertilization (ovulation). However, for a mature egg to develop, many eggs must begin the maturation process. Although hundreds of eggs begin to mature simultaneously, only one wins the "race" to ovulation; all the others perish (atresia). Over the course of your lifetime, your ovaries release an average of about 500 mature eggs. When the supply of eggs is depleted, this maturation process stops, your ovaries stop producing estrogen, and you enter menopause. For most women, this occurs around age 50: the average age in the developed world is 51.4 years. After this point, pregnancy is no longer possible naturally.
4. The contraceptive pill does not save eggs
A common question from our customers is: If the birth control pill suppresses ovulation, does this mean that eggs are being "saved" for later? Can this delay menopause?
As mentioned above, women are born with all the primordial follicles (the precursors to eggs) they will ever have. The number of these follicles peaks at the 20th week of pregnancy, while still in the womb. In contrast, men constantly produce sperm (although sperm quality declines with age).
Starting at puberty, hundreds to thousands of primordial follicles are recruited in each healthy cycle, of which only a fraction reach the next stage of development. Only one egg cell becomes "mature" and fertilized. The others undergo the process of "atresia" and disintegrate. Taking the pill initiates the maturation process of the primordial follicles, but prevents the development of the mature egg cell. Ovulation does not occur, but atresia occurs, meaning all eggs that have matured during the cycle are destroyed. Therefore, no eggs are "saved" and menopause is not delayed.
5. How can I measure how many eggs I have?
An important marker for determining egg reserve is anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH). A blood test can measure AMH levels, which indicate how many eggs are still present in the ovaries. AMH is a reliable indicator of ovarian reserve and can help you better understand your fertility and make decisions for the future.
Conclusion
While you can't control the number of eggs you produce, you can improve their quality and the frequency of ovulation by balancing your hormones, reducing inflammation, optimizing your diet, adjusting your physical activity to your cycle, and eliminating environmental factors that can harm your egg health.
Hormondiagnostik-Kit für Deine Werte
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Hormonsprechstunde mit unserem medizinischen Team
Du hast Deinen AMH-Wert und weißt nicht, was er bedeutet? In einer persönlichen Videosprechstunde schauen wir gemeinsam mit einem unserer erfahrenen Ärzte, was zu Dir passt.
Häufige Fragen zu Eizellreserve und AMH
Wie kann ich messen, wie viele Eizellen ich noch habe?
Bedeutet ein niedriger AMH-Wert, dass ich nicht schwanger werden kann?
Verfälscht die Pille den AMH-Wert?
Kann ich meine Eizellreserve durch Ernährung oder Supplemente erhöhen?
Spart die Pille Eizellen und verschiebt die Wechseljahre?
Wissenschaftliche Quellen
- Iwase A et al. (2024). Anti-Müllerian hormone for screening, diagnosis, evaluation, and prediction: A systematic review and expert opinions. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. doi:10.1111/jog.15818
- Aslan K et al. (2025). Age-stratified anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) nomogram: a cohort study of 22.920 women. Front Endocrinol. doi:10.3389/fendo.2025.1612194
- Moolhuijsen LME, Visser JA (2020). Anti-Müllerian Hormone and Ovarian Reserve: Update on Assessing Ovarian Function. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. doi:10.1210/clinem/dgaa513
- Landersoe SK et al. (2020). Ovarian reserve markers after discontinuing long-term use of combined oral contraceptives. Reprod Biomed Online, 40(1), 176-186. doi:10.1016/j.rbmo.2019.10.004
- Hariton E et al. (2021). Total number of oocytes and AMH across reproductive lifespan. Curr Obstet Gynecol Rep. doi:10.1007/s13669-021-00310-7
- American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (2019). Committee Opinion 773: The Use of Antimüllerian Hormone in Women Not Seeking Fertility Care. Obstet Gynecol.
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